Class 10 Business Studies (215) Solved Free TMA 2024-25 (NIOS)

1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words. 

a) Observe the various modes of transport near your residence and write any two advantages and limitations. (See Lesson 5)

Ans:-  Here’s an answer for question (a):

In my area, popular modes of transport include buses and motorbikes.

**Advantages**:  

1. **Buses**: They are economical for long distances and can carry many passengers at once.  

2. **Motorbikes**: They’re fast, easy to maneuver in traffic, and suitable for short distances.

**Limitations**:  

1. **Buses**: They often face delays due to traffic and fixed schedules.  

2. **Motorbikes**: They offer limited safety and can’t carry many passengers or large luggage.

b) Ms Radha is running a business of heavy machinery and she wants to expand her business to different state. Suggest her most suitable mode of transport with its benefits. (See Lesson 5) 

Ans:- For Ms. Radha’s business expansion involving heavy machinery, **rail transport** is a highly suitable option.

**Benefits**:

1. **Capacity**: Railways can carry large and heavy machinery, making it efficient for transporting bulky items across long distances.

2. **Cost-effective**: Rail transport generally has lower costs for heavy cargo compared to road or air, helping in managing expenses for large-scale shipments.

3. **Reliability**: Rail schedules are typically stable, ensuring timely delivery, which is beneficial for business consistency.

2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

a) Warehousing is one of the important auxiliaries to trade. Explain this statement in about 60 words. (See Lesson 6) 

Ans:-  Warehousing is essential to trade as it provides a secure space for storing goods until they are needed. By storing goods in a warehouse, businesses can maintain a steady supply, ensuring products are available to meet customer demand. Warehousing also protects goods from damage, spoilage, and theft, and allows for bulk storage, which reduces transportation costs and aids in efficient distribution. This makes warehousing a critical component in the supply chain.

b)  You want to transfer money to you grandparents living in different state. What are the various ways available to him for transferring the money? (See Lesson 6)

Ans:- To transfer money to grandparents living in a different state, several options are available:

1. **Bank Transfer**: Using NEFT, RTGS, or IMPS, money can be sent directly from one bank account to another, providing a secure and instant transfer.

2. **Mobile Payment Apps**: Apps like Google Pay, PhonePe, and Paytm allow quick, online transfers to bank accounts, making it convenient for both parties.

3. **Money Order**: A traditional method through the post office, useful if the recipient doesn't have a bank account.

4. **UPI (Unified Payments Interface)**: Transfers money instantly using a unique UPI ID, available through most banking apps.

3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words. 

a) Besides carrying mail through various means as discussed earlier, post office offers some special services to the business firms. Name any two and explain. (See Lesson 8)

Ans:- The post office provides special services to business firms, including:

1. **Business Reply Service**: This allows businesses to receive responses from customers without requiring them to pay postage. Companies provide pre-paid reply envelopes or cards, which encourage customers to respond, aiding in customer engagement and feedback collection.

2. **Retail Post**: This service lets businesses use post offices as a point of sale for their products or services, like bill payments, ticket bookings, and form distributions. It extends a company’s reach by leveraging the wide network of post offices, increasing convenience for customers.

b) Knowledge Processing Outsourcing industry is entirely different from Business processing outsourcing industry. Do you agree with this statement? Comment. (See Lesson 11) 

Ans:- Yes, the Knowledge Processing Outsourcing (KPO) industry is different from the Business Processing Outsourcing (BPO) industry.

**KPO** focuses on outsourcing high-level tasks that require specialized knowledge and expertise, such as research, data analysis, and legal services. This involves handling complex processes that demand advanced skills.

**BPO**, on the other hand, deals with outsourcing standard, repetitive tasks like customer support, data entry, and payroll processing. BPO primarily aims to increase efficiency and reduce costs for routine business functions.

While both aim to improve business efficiency, KPO requires greater expertise, while BPO focuses on process efficiency and cost reduction.

4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words.

a) All business enterprises are engaged in purchasing and selling. Mention what steps are required after an order is executed, as part of the Routine Selling? (See Lesson 12) 

Ans:- After an order is executed in Routine Selling, several steps are taken to ensure customer satisfaction and smooth business operations:

1. **Order Confirmation**: Notify the customer about order confirmation through an email or message, providing details like estimated delivery date and payment confirmation.

2. **Packing and Shipping**: Properly pack the goods to prevent damage during transit, then hand over the parcel to the shipping service. Tracking details are shared with the customer for monitoring delivery status.

3. **Delivery**: Ensure timely delivery to the customer’s specified address. Delivery can be verified by a signature or electronic proof, which helps in tracking completed orders.

4. **Billing and Invoicing**: Issue an invoice with a breakdown of costs, including item price, taxes, and delivery charges. This document serves as a record for both the seller and buyer.

5. **After-Sales Service**: Follow up to ensure customer satisfaction, address any issues, and offer assistance with product usage. This helps in building long-term relationships and encouraging repeat business.

6. **Feedback Collection**: Request customer feedback, which provides valuable insights for service improvement and helps enhance future customer experiences.

b) Do you think that to be a successful salesperson only personal and mental qualities are sufficient? Give reasons in support of your answer. (See Lesson 16) 

Ans:- No, while personal and mental qualities are important, they are not enough to make a salesperson successful. Here’s why:

1. **Product Knowledge**: A successful salesperson must thoroughly understand the product they are selling—its features, benefits, and how it meets customers' needs. Without this knowledge, they cannot confidently address customer queries or highlight the product's value.

2. **Communication Skills**: Beyond personal qualities, effective communication skills are essential. Salespeople must be able to explain complex information clearly, actively listen to customers, and adapt their message to resonate with different audiences.

3. **Customer Understanding**: Empathy and understanding customer needs are crucial for building trust and rapport. Salespeople who can identify and address customers' pain points are more likely to convert leads into sales.

4. **Sales Techniques**: Knowledge of sales techniques, such as negotiating, handling objections, and closing strategies, helps salespeople manage interactions and achieve successful outcomes.

Thus, personal and mental qualities are foundational, but specific knowledge, skills, and techniques are essential to truly excel in sales.

5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words. 

a) Inspite of being a convenient method of buying goods, tele shopping is not used by consumers very often. Why? (See Lesson 14)

Ans:- Despite being a convenient method for purchasing goods, tele-shopping is not used by consumers very often due to several reasons:

1. **Lack of Tangibility**: Consumers cannot physically examine or test the products before purchasing. This lack of sensory interaction makes them hesitant, as they may not be able to assess the quality or suitability of the product.

2. **Trust Issues**: Many consumers are wary of the legitimacy of tele-shopping offers. There is a fear of being scammed or receiving substandard products. Without the ability to review the product firsthand, customers may not trust the promises made during the advertisement.

3. **Limited Product Range**: Tele-shopping usually offers a narrow selection of products, making it less appealing to those seeking variety or specific items. 

4. **High Shipping Costs**: Additional charges for delivery and handling may discourage buyers, especially if they feel they can find better deals at local stores or through online shopping platforms.

5. **Television Time Constraints**: Tele-shopping often occurs at specific times on TV, which may not be convenient for consumers, limiting their opportunities to make purchases.

These factors contribute to the relatively low usage of tele-shopping compared to other methods like online shopping.

b) A Biscuit company is giving 250 grams Biscuit free with a pack of 500 gm. Name this technique of sales promotion. What is the specific objective of this scheme? Explain two more schemes of Sales Promotion other than this. (See Lesson 16)

Ans:- The technique of giving **250 grams of biscuits free with a 500-gram pack** is known as **"Free Sample" or "Product Bundling"**. This is a form of **"Bonus Pack"** sales promotion where extra product is offered to encourage purchase and attract customers.

Objective of the Scheme:

The specific objective of this scheme is to **increase the quantity of the product sold** by incentivizing customers to buy larger packs, thereby driving higher sales volume. It also aims to **enhance customer satisfaction** by providing added value, which can encourage repeat purchases.

 Two More Schemes of Sales Promotion:

1. **Discount Offers**: This scheme offers a price reduction on the product for a limited period. For example, "10% off on all products." The objective is to attract price-sensitive customers and stimulate immediate sales.

2. **Coupons and Vouchers**: Customers receive coupons or vouchers that offer discounts or free items on future purchases. This method encourages repeat business, builds customer loyalty, and enhances the likelihood of return visits or purchases.

6. Prepare any one project of the following projects given below 

a) Goods may be purchased either by inspecting them personally or on the basis of a sample or pattern examined or on the basis of description or brand name. Mention the Methods of sale include sale on hire purchase basis. (See Lesson 12) 

Ans:- Here’s a project on **"Methods of Sale, Including Sale on Hire Purchase Basis"**:

**Project Title: Methods of Sale in Business Transactions**

**Introduction:**

In business transactions, goods can be purchased in various ways. The method chosen depends on factors like the nature of the product, the preferences of the buyer, and the seller's policies. This project explores different methods of sale, including the sale on hire purchase basis, which offers flexibility to customers.

 **Methods of Sale:**

1. **Sale by Inspection:**

   - In this method, the buyer inspects the goods physically before making a purchase. This is commonly used for products like electronics, machinery, or vehicles where quality and condition must be confirmed before buying.

   - **Advantages**: The buyer gets to see the product firsthand, ensuring quality.

   - **Disadvantages**: It may not always be possible for the buyer to inspect large or bulk products.

2. **Sale by Sample:**

   - Here, the buyer purchases goods based on a sample of the product. The sample serves as a representation of the whole lot, and the buyer expects the bulk goods to be of similar quality.

   - **Advantages**: Ideal for bulk purchases like fabrics, food items, or raw materials.

   - **Disadvantages**: There is a risk that the actual product may differ from the sample.

3. **Sale by Description:**

   - Goods are sold based on a detailed description provided by the seller. This is common when products are not physically available for inspection, such as books, software, or online products.

   - **Advantages**: Convenient for purchasing intangible or hard-to-inspect products.

   - **Disadvantages**: The buyer cannot verify the product until it is received, which may lead to dissatisfaction if it does not meet expectations.

4. **Sale by Brand Name:**

   - Products are sold based on their recognized brand name, where the brand is associated with a certain level of quality or trustworthiness. This method is common for items like clothing, cosmetics, and gadgets.

   - **Advantages**: Customers trust established brands, which can speed up the buying decision.

   - **Disadvantages**: It might limit choices for customers who are looking for alternatives or better prices.

5. **Sale on Hire Purchase Basis:**

   - In a hire purchase sale, the buyer pays for the goods in installments over time while using the product. The ownership of the product is transferred to the buyer only after the full payment is made.

   - **Advantages**: Allows customers to purchase expensive items like cars, appliances, or furniture without paying the full price upfront.

   - **Disadvantages**: The buyer may end up paying more due to interest or additional charges. Also, failure to make payments can result in the product being repossessed.

b) Make a list of any four items which are produced in a specific season but used throughout the year and Discuss the need and importance of warehousing to store these items. (See Lesson 21)

Ans:-  **List of Four Items Produced in Specific Seasons but Used Throughout the Year:**

1. **Wheat**: Produced primarily in the winter season, wheat is used year-round for making flour and various food products.

   

2. **Mangoes**: Mangoes are typically harvested in the summer, but they are used year-round in products like juices, pickles, and dried mango.

3. **Apples**: Mainly harvested in autumn, apples are consumed throughout the year in various forms like fresh, juice, or canned.

4. **Sugarcane**: Grown during the monsoon and winter seasons, sugarcane is used year-round for producing sugar and other by-products.

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**Need and Importance of Warehousing for Storing These Items:**

1. **Preservation of Quality**: Many seasonal items, like fruits and grains, need proper storage conditions to maintain their quality over time. Warehousing provides controlled environments, such as temperature and humidity regulation, to prevent spoilage and maintain freshness.

2. **Supply Chain Continuity**: Warehouses enable businesses to store large quantities of seasonal products and release them when demand is high, ensuring that consumers have access to these items throughout the year. This helps avoid supply shortages during off-seasons.

3. **Cost Efficiency**: By storing products in warehouses, businesses can take advantage of off-season prices for raw materials and sell them at higher prices during the peak demand period. This practice helps stabilize prices in the market.

4. **Logistical Support**: Warehouses act as distribution hubs, allowing the efficient transportation of goods to various markets, ensuring timely delivery and reducing the risk of stockouts or delays. This is particularly important for perishable items like fruits and vegetables.

Thus, warehousing plays a critical role in ensuring that seasonal items are available throughout the year, maintaining their quality, and supporting business operations.